Waterhemp, Palmer amaranth thiab lwm yam tawv broadleaf cov nroj tsuag thiab nyom tsis dhau los ntawm ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv lawm. Thoob plaws pob kws siv thiab dhau mus, lawv tau zam tag nrho cov kev pabcuam tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kws tshawb fawb nroj tsuag hais tias tus qauv taw qhia rau qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntau tus neeg ua liaj ua teb ntsib: metabolic tsis kam.
Tsis zoo li cov hom phiaj ib txwm muaj- qhov chaw tiv thaiv, uas feem ntau yog tshwj xeeb rau ib chav kawm tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob metabolic tseem phem dua vim tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus ntoo khaub lig- tawm tsam rau ntau yam, tsis cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Aaron Hager, University of Illinois Extension weed scientist feem ntau ceeb toom tias thaum cov nroj tsuag tawv zoo li waterhemp kawm los metabolize ib qho tshuaj tua kab, nws yooj yim dua rau nws "kawm" kom tshem tawm lwm tus. Qhov peev xwm ntawd tau pab ua rau 7-txoj kev tsis kam nrog waterhemp pom hauv qee lub nroog Illinois, raws li kws tshawb fawb nroj tsuag Patrick Tranel, ib tus ntawm Hager cov npoj yaig.
Lub hom phiaj -qhov chaw tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev kuaj DNA. Tab sis metabolic tsis kam yog "kev twv ua si" uas muaj peev xwm muaj ntau ntau txog ntau pua lub noob ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv tandem, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb paub tias cov khoom twg tseem yuav ua haujlwm hauv lawv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Tommy Butts pom qhov sib txawv rau cov metabolic tsis kam noj hauv paus hauv Indiana. Nws hais tias HPPD tsis kam nyob rau hauv waterhemp yog "tawm mus thoob plaws," thiab kev ua tsis tiav tau nthuav dav mus rau lwm cov chemistry thiab.
"Koj pib tham auxins thiab glufosinate, thiab peb tau lees paub qhov kev tawm tsam hauv lub xeev rau cov ntawd," nws hais. "Kuv yuav tsis hais qhov ntawd yog qhov dav, tab sis nws yeej yuav tshwm sim."
Nrog rau metabolic tsis kam chipping tam sim ntawd ntawm PPOs, HPPDs, atrazine cov neeg koom tes, auxins thiab glufosinate, cov qub playbook ntawm "tsuas yog hloov khoom" tsis ua hauj lwm zoo.
"Hammer With Residuals" Thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke
Butts 'thawj cov lus rau cov pob kws thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb taum yog ncaj nraim: tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv hauv thaj teb.
"Peb yuav tsum rauj cov nroj tsuag nrog cov khoom seem zoo thiab tom qab ntawd sib xyaw peb cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntau li ntau tau," nws hais.
Hauv nws qhov kev xav, qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsawg kawg yog ob yam rau kab - cov neeg cog qoob loo. Ua ntej, siv cov txheej txheem seem uas ua rau thaj chaw huv si ntev li ntev tau thiab txo qis cov nroj tsuag uas tshwm sim uas tau pom dhau los. Thib ob, siv cov ntawv tshaj tawm - tawm cov ntawv thov uas sib xyaw ua ke ntau yam, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiag tiag ntawm cov ntawv sau tag nrho.
Txiav tus nqi, nws ceeb toom, yog raws nraim li cas cov neeg cog qoob loo "sib qhia" cov metabolism-raws li kev tiv thaiv rau hauv paus.
Nrog cov noob taum zoo, nws thawb nyuaj tawm tsam kev cia siab rau ib qho khoom lag luam flagship.
"Yog tias peb loj hlob Enlist soybeans, tsis txhob cia siab rau Enlist thiab tsis txhob cia siab rau Liberty," Butts qhia. "Ua lub tank mix. Lub tank mix trumps txhua yam."
Them nyiaj ntau rau pem hauv ntej kom tsis txhob ua kim "Revenge Sprays"
Cov kab mob metabolic tuaj yeem vam meej thaum cov nroj tsuag raug ntaus nrog chemistry lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus ib nrab. Tias yog vim li cas Butts tseem rov qab los muaj zog, ntxov, av- siv cov kev pab cuam.
Nws hnov cov lus txhawb nqa los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb txhua xyoo ntawm kev siv ntau yam khoom hauv lub tank.
"Ntau tus neeg hais rau kuv tias, 'Zoo, nws raug nqi ntau dhau rau pem hauv ntej nrog $ 20 rau ib qho ua ntej. Pob kws tseem kim dua," nws lees paub.
Txawm li cas los xij, Butts taw qhia tias yuav ua haujlwm los ntawm Purdue University Extension thiab lwm lub xeev uas qhia cov nyiaj no them thaum tag nrho lub caij ntsuas.
"Yog tias koj tuaj yeem tau txais qhov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb tawm thiab tau txais nws qhib, tag nrho - lub caij nyoog kev lag luam ntawm nws ua rau kev nkag siab," Butts hais. "Nws tau ua tsis tu ncua tias yog tias koj muaj qhov muaj zog ua ntej, koj tsis muaj qhov kuv nyiam hu ua kua zaub ntsuab thaum lub Yim Hli, qhov twg peb tab tom hla dhau peb lub sijhawm sib txawv sim tua duav -siab waterhemp."
Tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tshuaj tua kab mob txhawm rau txuas ntxiv lawv siv
Raws li ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm kev txiav txim los nyob rau hauv siab, Butts singles tawm metribuzin raws li ib tug piv txwv ntawm ib yam khoom uas tseem rub nws hnyav nyob rau hauv soybeans.
"Metribuzin yog ib qho loj hauv cov taum pauv, vim tias peb tsis muaj kev tawm tsam ntau rau qhov ntawd," nws hais.
"Kuv tseem yuav muab tso rau hauv lub ntsaws rau AMS feem ntau, hla lub rooj tsavxwm," Butts hais. "Qhov ntawd ib txwm pab nrog qee yam ntawm cov khoom no ... thaum peb pib tom qab lub caij, peb tau txais kev ntxhov siab ntau dua. AMS tseem nyiam pab muaj."
Butts ceeb toom cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tias AMS tsis raug tso cai hauv dicamba tank sib xyaw rau XtendFlex soybeans.
Hauv qab ntawm tag nrho nws yog ib qho lus ceeb toom tsis tseeb txog yuav ua li cas yog tias cov neeg cog qoob loo txiav txim siab skimp rau lawv cov kev siv zog tswj cov nroj tsuag.
"Yog tias koj tso nws mus txawm tias ib xyoos, tam sim no koj tau ua rau koj tus kheej ntxhov siab rau tsib mus rau 10 xyoo tom ntej," nws hais. "Koj yuav tsum sim thiab nyob saum cov nroj kom ntau li ntau tau."
5 Cov Lus Pom Zoo Kom Hais Txog Metabolic Resistance
Vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv metabolic tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tsis tau, cov kws tshawb fawb cov nroj tsuag tau hloov lawv cov lus qhia kom deb ntawm "rotating chemicals" mus rau "zero-threshold" los tswj. Cov lus qhia txog kev tswj cov metabolism hauv qab no tau nthuav tawm los ntawm Aaron Hager, University of Illinois Weed Scientist, thiab Beck's agronomists:
1. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov metabolism hauv kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum yog txo qis ntawm cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej lawv mus rau noob.
2. Yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj zog, tsis yog vim cov seem seem sawv cev rau tsev neeg tshuaj tua kab sib txawv tab sis vim tias lawv tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thaum ntxov tshaj plaws - txiav cov nyiaj pab rau cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag.
3. Lub cev txiav cov nroj tsuag tawm ntawm cov qoob loo yuav tsum tau suav nrog hauv txoj kev tswj hwm, vim hais tias lub cev tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag tawm mus ntxiv slashes kev koom tes rau cov nroj tsuag cov nroj tsuag.
4. Tshaj tawm -cov phiaj xwm tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum hloov ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub- raws sijhawm mus rau kev tshawb nrhiav- raws sijhawm. Thaum cov nroj tsuag tawg los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam ua ntej - tawm, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Xws li lub hom phiaj thaum ntxov ntxiv slashes kev koom tes rau cov nroj tsuag nroj tsuag.
5. Cov txheej txheem kev siv tshuab, cov neeg cog qoob loo, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau siv qhov ua tau los ntxiv qhov ua rau txo cov noob qoob loo.
