Txhua daim acre txau rau ntawm qhov ua liaj ua teb yog kev nqis peev. Tab sis txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj tua kab mob, fungicide los yog tshuaj tua kab tsis tuaj yeem xa nws cov nqi tag nrho yog tias ob peb cov ntsiab lus tsis pom zoo nti tawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua ntej lub sprayer puas tau mus txog teb.
Nov yog cov lus Fred Whitford, Purdue University tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj tua kab kev nyab xeeb, tau qhia tawm thaum xyoo 2026 Farm Journal Corn & Soybean College. Raws li cov khoom tiv thaiv qoob loo txuas ntxiv sawv cev rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, Whitford hais tias cov neeg cog qoob loo muaj ntau qhov kev nce ntxiv los ntawm kev nruj cov ntawv thov ntau dua li ntau tus paub.
Whitford hais tias "Peb tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom lag luam thiab tshuaj tsuag lub sijhawm zoo," Whitford hais. "Tam sim no nws yog hais txog kev nplua - kho qhov hauv paus kom tau txhua duas tus nqi tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam."
Los ntawm kev ntsuas cov qauv qhuav kom raug rau kev kuaj xyuas cov dej zoo thiab khaws cov khoom zoo ntawm lub caij nyoog, Whitford tau hais txog plaub feem ntau - tsis pom zoo cov kev coj ua uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nroj tsuag, kab thiab kab mob thaum tiv thaiv ob qho nyiaj nkag thiab koj cov nyiaj rov qab los ntawm kev nqis peev.
1. Txhob ntsuas cov khoom qhuav los ntawm ntim
Ib qho ntawm Whitford qhov kev txhawj xeeb loj tshaj plaws yog pes tsawg tus neeg thov kev cai thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tseem ntsuas cov tshuaj tua kab qhuav los ntawm ntim es tsis txhob hnyav.
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim yuam kev. Ntau cov khoom qhuav tuaj nrog cov chaw tsim khoom- muab cov khob ntsuas lossis cov raj, tab sis qee qhov ntawm cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis raug.
Cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau lees paub qhov kam rau ua qhov sib txawv los ntawm ntau npaum li cas, txhais tau tias qhov kev thov tus nqi yuav sai sai ua rau raug nqi ntau dua - lossis qis dua - daim ntawv thov.
Whitford hais tias, "Lawv tsis zoo ib yam," Whitford hais. "Ib lub ooj kua ntsuas ntim. Ib lub ounce qhuav ntsuas qhov hnyav."
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov no, Whitford qhia ib qho ntawm tus nqi tshaj plaws - kev nqis peev zoo uas ua liaj ua teb tuaj yeem ua tau yog yuav cov nplai digital yooj yim los ntsuas cov khoom tsim cov khoom qhuav. Xws li cov nplai yuav tsum tsawg dua $ 100 peev.
2. Tsis txhob hla cov Adjuvant lossis Surfactant
Thaum cov peev nyiaj tau nruj, adjuvants thiab surfactants qee zaum pom tias yog xaiv tau. Whitford hais tias qhov no yog qhov yuam kev kim heev.
Surfactants, qoob loo roj thiab lwm yam tshuaj tsuag tshuaj ntxiv yog tsim los pab cov tshuaj tua kab mob kis thoob plaws nplooj nplooj, lo rau cov nroj tsuag thiab txav mus los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los yog cov plaub hau es tsis txhob dov los yog evaporating.
Whitford hais tias "Ib tus surfactant pab rhuav tshem qhov nro," Whitford hais. "Txhua qhov poob yuav tsum ncav cuag nplooj thiab nkag mus rau nws kom cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm."
Yog tias daim ntawv lo xav tau ib qho adjuvant, nws hais tias muaj laj thawj.
"Yog tias daim ntawv qhia qhia koj ntxiv ib yam dab tsi thiab koj tsis xav siv nyiaj, ces xaiv lwm yam khoom uas tsis xav tau," nws hais.
Whitford kuj tau taw qhia tias cov tuam txhab lag luam feem ntau tsis tas yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm adjuvants lawv pom zoo kom koj siv, ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj cov lus pom zoo sau tawm. Nws cov ntsiab lus: "Lawv muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv lo vim nws txhim kho kev ua haujlwm."
3. Koj cov dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom ua tau zoo
Cov dej tsis zoo yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov tsis saib xyuas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam hauv kev ua liaj ua teb.
Whitford hais tias "Koj cov dej puas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov khoom lag luam zoo li cas?
Piv txwv li, cov dej tawv uas muaj cov calcium thiab magnesium siab tuaj yeem txo qhov ua tau zoo ntawm glyphosate.
Cov zaub mov no feem ntau khi nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub tank ua ntej koj txawm txau nws, ua rau nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
"Ib zaug glyphosate khi, nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nplooj," nws piav qhia. "Nws zaum saum npoo es tsis ua nws txoj haujlwm."
Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim, pheej yig los sim
Whitford txhawb cov neeg cog qoob loo kom niaj hnub tshuaj xyuas cov dej phwj thiab qhov tawv tawv nrog lub pas dej pheej yig - lossis spa - cov qauv xeem strips.
Thaum lawv tsis meej raws li kev soj ntsuam dej hauv chav kuaj, lawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem dej zoo uas yuav txo tau cov khoom lag luam.
Rau cov dej nyuaj - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog saum toj no txog 450 qhov chaw ntawm ib lab - nws pom zoo kom ammonium sulfate (AMS), nrog rau qhuav flowable AMS tshuav nws txoj kev xaiv.
"Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias hnab ntim ammonium sulfate tseem yog tus qauv kub," nws hais.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov ntawd yog "feem pua siab tshaj" cov khoom lag luam yog Qhuav Soluble Spray -Qib AMS formulations. Lawv feem ntau muaj 99% mus rau 100% ntshiab ammonium sulfate crystals.
Kua AMS tsis muaj teeb meem ntxiv rau lub tank. Tab sis kom phim qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm AMS qhuav, koj yuav tsum ntsuas cov kua siv kom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv AMS qhuav rau 100 nkas loos dej.
Dej pH tseem ceeb heev. Thaum hardness thiab pH yog cov teeb meem sib cais, ob qho tib si cuam tshuam cov khoom lag luam thiab kev ruaj ntseg tank.
Dej pH yog ntsuas ntawm nws cov acidity lossis alkalinity. Qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm 0 txog 14, nrog rau 7 yog nruab nrab.
Cov tshuaj tua kab feem ntau ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thaum cov tshuaj tsuag dej poob ntawm pH ntawm 4.0 thiab 6.5. Raws li pH nce, qee cov khoom xyaw nquag pib tawg sai dua.
Whitford hais tias "Qhov pH siab dua, qee cov khoom lag luam poob qis dua," Whitford hais. "Qee zaum, koj twb tau poob ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej koj ua tiav cov tshuaj txau."
4. Tsis txhob cia cov tshuaj muaj hnub nyoog nyob rau hauv lub Shed
Kev tswj cov khoom lag luam zoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ob qho khoom ua tau zoo thiab koj cov peev txheej.
Whitford hais tias cov tuam txhab tshuaj tua kab yuav tsum ua kom pom rau EPA tias cov khoom lag luam nyob ruaj khov hauv lawv cov thawv qub rau tsawg kawg peb xyoos. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm degradation nce, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom xyaw inert uas pab cov khoom xyaw ua kom zoo.
Nws hais tias "Thaum kuv taug kev mus rau hauv ib lub tsev, kuv tab tom nrhiav cov khoom uas tau zaum nyob ntawd tau ntau xyoo," nws hais.
Nws cov lus qhia rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb:
Hnub tim txhua yam khoom thaum nws tuaj txog ntawm lub teb.
Tig cov khoom muag kom cov khoom qub tshaj plaws tau siv ua ntej.
Qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm kom rub cov khoom qub qub rau pem hauv ntej.
Tsis txhob tso cov thawv qhib zaum ntawm lub caij mus rau lub caij thaum twg ua tau.
Ib lub chaw ua liaj ua teb Whitford tau mus xyuas tsis ntev los no siv lub whiteboard los taug qab cov hnub tuaj txog ntawm cov khoom, ua cov khoom sib hloov ib feem ntawm nws cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm.
Nws ceeb toom tias kev hloov cov tshuaj tua kab mob vim yog tus nqi, muaj lossis kev tswj xyuas kev tiv thaiv feem ntau tso cov khoom siv ib nrab tsis nco qab ntawm lub txee tom qab.
Whitford hais tias, "Thaum koj tso lawv rov qab rau ntawd, lawv yeej tsis tawm mus," Whitford hais.
Qhib lub thawv kuj pib nthuav tawm cov khoom rau cov pa oxygen, uas tuaj yeem maj mam txo qhov zoo thaum lub sijhawm. "Yog tias ua tau, siv cov khoom qhib rau tib lub caij," nws hais ntxiv.
